Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Occupation, 1985 (details in table note)
COC	Occupation Name	Obs	Employment	Members	Covered	%Mem	%Cov
	EXECUTIVE, ADMINISTRATIVE, & MANAGERIAL OCCUPATIONS	18,659	9,805,629	635,458	888,333	6.5	9.1
3	Legislators	32	11,488	0	496	0.0	4.3
4	Chief executives and general administrators, public admin.	28	14,149	1,457	2,176	10.3	15.4
5	Administrators and officials, public administration	944	447,793	63,523	85,454	14.2	19.1
6	Administrators, protective services	85	39,355	5,871	7,982	14.9	20.3
7	Financial managers	719	379,151	4,911	8,212	1.3	2.2
8	Personnel and labor relations managers	202	105,538	2,365	4,284	2.2	4.1
9	Purchasing managers	182	103,097	5,290	8,712	5.1	8.5
13	Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations	717	399,304	6,801	11,898	1.7	3.0
14	Administrators, education and related fields	921	462,702	92,904	127,020	20.1	27.5
15	Managers, medicine and health	208	100,490	9,090	12,107	9.0	12.0
16	Managers, properties and real estate	403	219,172	10,855	17,041	5.0	7.8
17	Postmasters and mail superintendents	87	35,555	15,532	18,251	43.7	51.3
18	Funeral directors	34	19,255	634	634	3.3	3.3
19	Managers and administrators, n.e.c.	8,475	4,499,968	197,624	274,588	4.4	6.1
23	Accountants and auditors	2,092	1,110,587	66,562	101,549	6.0	9.1
24	Underwriters	121	65,695	304	1,493	0.5	2.3
25	Other financial officers	985	516,665	18,948	31,013	3.7	6.0
26	Management analysts	170	86,041	2,202	8,298	2.6	9.6
27	Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists	622	335,147	42,023	53,769	12.5	16.0
28	Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products	25	12,092	2,240	2,531	18.5	20.9
29	Buyers, wholesale and retail trade except farm products	314	170,513	1,985	2,719	1.2	1.6
33	Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c.	381	198,522	7,027	10,529	3.5	5.3
34	Business and promotion agents	47	23,511	1,998	1,998	8.5	8.5
35	Construction inspectors	86	39,978	9,155	10,639	22.9	26.6
36	Inspectors and compliance officers, exc. construction	320	159,745	47,834	61,718	29.9	38.6
37	Management related occupations, n.e.c.	459	250,116	18,323	23,222	7.3	9.3
	PROFESSIONAL SPECIALTY OCCUPATIONS	15,081	7,820,916	874,520	1,135,923	11.2	14.5
43	Architects	143	75,227	5,678	7,023	7.5	9.3
44	Aerospace engineers	138	87,138	6,928	12,649	8.0	14.5
45	Metallurgical and materials engineers	33	17,479	0	622	0.0	3.6
46	Mining engineers	19	8,385	1,110	1,110	13.2	13.2
47	Petroleum engineers	55	27,062	0	0	0.0	0.0
48	Chemical engineers	113	57,949	4,304	5,605	7.4	9.7
49	Nuclear engineers	21	11,994	500	500	4.2	4.2
53	Civil engineers	387	204,404	26,931	41,336	13.2	20.2
54	Agricultural engineers	5	3,275	0	0	0.0	0.0
55	Electrical and electronic engineers	953	528,709	37,876	54,991	7.2	10.4
56	Industrial engineers	329	174,641	10,210	14,725	5.8	8.4
57	Mechanical engineers	481	262,167	15,797	23,066	6.0	8.8
58	Marine and naval architects engineers	32	17,832	4,396	4,396	24.6	24.6
59	Engineers, n.e.c.	384	204,766	7,905	11,581	3.9	5.7
63	Surveyors and mapping scientists	36	19,023	2,821	3,642	14.8	19.1
64	Computer systems analysts and scientists	594	327,826	13,351	22,362	4.1	6.8
65	Operations and systems researchers and analysts	307	163,536	10,673	14,721	6.5	9.0
66	Actuaries	24	13,500	0	0	0.0	0.0
67	Statisticians	60	29,650	3,128	4,953	10.5	16.7
68	Mathematical scientists, n.e.c.	9	5,117	0	0	0.0	0.0
69	Physicists and astronomers	46	22,219	1,433	1,704	6.5	7.7
73	Chemists, except biochemists	204	108,406	6,030	7,665	5.6	7.1
74	Atmospheric and space scientists	23	10,272	61	61	0.6	0.6
75	Geologists and geodesists	96	47,594	55	1,498	0.1	3.1
76	Physical scientists, n.e.c.	27	14,082	2,394	3,133	17.0	22.2
77	Agricultural and food scientists	46	19,387	4,170	4,392	21.5	22.7
78	Biological and life scientists	144	65,655	6,508	9,408	9.9	14.3
79	Forestry and conservation scientists	81	36,180	8,267	9,792	22.9	27.1
83	Medical scientists	47	24,394	1,562	1,562	6.4	6.4
84	Physicians	421	221,164	11,860	20,089	5.4	9.1
85	Dentists	31	15,631	1,771	3,099	11.3	19.8
86	Veterinarians	28	16,033	0	0	0.0	0.0
87	Optometrists	8	3,501	0	0	0.0	0.0
88	Podiatrists	2	888	0	0	0.0	0.0
89	Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c.	7	2,020	0	0	0.0	0.0
95	Registered nurses	2,791	1,421,280	222,138	285,128	15.6	20.1
96	Pharmacists	259	143,211	14,566	16,142	10.2	11.3
97	Dietitians	164	87,351	7,491	8,631	8.6	9.9
98	Inhalation therapists	127	72,487	3,399	5,128	4.7	7.1
99	Occupational therapists	38	20,277	1,934	1,934	9.5	9.5
103	Physical therapists	106	53,320	1,978	3,602	3.7	6.8
104	Speech therapists	112	56,058	21,160	26,900	37.7	48.0
105	Therapists, n.e.c.	79	41,347	7,726	9,980	18.7	24.1
106	Physicians' assistants	98	51,660	13,334	15,293	25.8	29.6
163	Counselors, educational and vocational	359	173,001	63,930	79,992	37.0	46.2
164	Librarians	407	208,372	46,979	54,496	22.5	26.2
165	Archivists and curators	27	13,792	563	1,206	4.1	8.7
166	Economists	164	85,603	1,499	7,420	1.8	8.7
167	Psychologists	208	107,140	22,323	28,561	20.8	26.7
168	Sociologists	2	891	0	831	0.0	93.3
169	Social scientists, n.e.c.	32	13,080	1,123	2,025	8.6	15.5
173	Urban planners	23	13,653	629	1,428	4.6	10.5
174	Social workers	830	424,895	107,973	126,228	25.4	29.7
175	Recreation workers	150	75,739	2,224	3,318	2.9	4.4
176	Clergy	508	256,944	4,060	7,238	1.6	2.8
177	Religious workers, n.e.c.	130	65,328	0	1,905	0.0	2.9
178	Lawyers	693	339,726	18,462	23,124	5.4	6.8
179	Judges	59	26,902	2,631	3,704	9.8	13.8
183	Authors	34	15,960	886	886	5.6	5.6
184	Technical writers	77	40,542	3,032	4,315	7.5	10.6
185	Designers	672	355,910	17,073	24,977	4.8	7.0
186	Musicians and composers	152	78,185	17,928	17,928	22.9	22.9
187	Actors and directors	111	57,528	10,753	12,482	18.7	21.7
188	Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist print-makers	198	104,248	7,866	9,475	7.5	9.1
189	Photographers	123	69,198	7,768	9,160	11.2	13.2
193	Dancers	30	14,219	1,100	1,811	7.7	12.7
194	Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c.	84	43,277	5,909	7,355	13.7	17.0
195	Editors and reporters	436	206,030	24,908	28,090	12.1	13.6
197	Public relations specialists	261	134,271	8,428	9,808	6.3	7.3
198	Announcers	106	51,501	3,574	4,226	6.9	8.2
199	Athletes	97	50,883	3,456	5,511	6.8	10.8
	TEACHERS, POSTSECONDARY	1,328	653,711	119,590	164,503	18.3	25.2
113	Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers	11	4,913	2,040	2,147	41.5	43.7
114	Biological science teachers	53	28,252	3,583	5,772	12.7	20.4
115	Chemistry teachers	32	16,825	1,549	1,549	9.2	9.2
116	Physics teachers	29	13,861	927	2,142	6.7	15.5
117	Natural science teachers, n.e.c.	2	1,075	0	0	0.0	0.0
118	Psychology teachers	41	19,773	6,783	7,345	34.3	37.1
119	Economics teachers	29	14,088	1,388	3,104	9.9	22.0
123	History teachers	31	15,412	2,545	2,545	16.5	16.5
124	Political science teachers	19	11,396	1,235	2,571	10.8	22.6
125	Sociology teachers	19	8,523	1,811	3,161	21.2	37.1
126	Social science teachers, n.e.c.	12	4,611	1,376	1,376	29.8	29.8
127	Engineering teachers	44	21,223	3,647	4,921	17.2	23.2
128	Mathematical science teachers	96	49,991	9,996	14,153	20.0	28.3
129	Computer science teachers	42	17,235	2,268	2,837	13.2	16.5
133	Medical science teachers	29	17,000	1,722	2,967	10.1	17.5
134	Health specialties teachers	82	42,367	10,106	12,426	23.9	29.3
135	Business, commerce, and marketing teachers	45	20,890	5,736	6,907	27.5	33.1
136	Agriculture and forestry teachers	13	5,659	1,846	1,846	32.6	32.6
137	Art, drama, and music teachers	89	40,610	9,846	12,849	24.2	31.6
138	Physical education teachers	25	13,829	1,310	1,883	9.5	13.6
139	Education teachers	27	13,630	3,747	5,081	27.5	37.3
143	English teachers	101	51,628	8,427	15,966	16.3	30.9
144	Foreign language teachers	51	27,533	5,431	7,386	19.7	26.8
145	Law teachers	13	7,160	681	681	9.5	9.5
146	Social work teachers	1	775	0	0	0.0	0.0
147	Theology teachers	20	10,291	603	888	5.9	8.6
148	Trade and industrial teachers	3	1,474	906	906	61.5	61.5
149	Home economics teachers	6	2,496	0	0	0.0	0.0
153	Teachers, postsecondary, n.e.c.	12	5,531	555	1,019	10.0	18.4
154	Postsecondary teachers, subject not specified	351	165,659	29,528	40,073	17.8	24.2
	TEACHERS, EXCEPT POSTSECONDARY	6,807	3,407,448	1,677,637	1,976,746	49.2	58.0
155	Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten	635	332,394	61,292	77,789	18.4	23.4
156	Teachers, elementary school	2,714	1,348,971	763,611	899,949	56.6	66.7
157	Teachers, secondary school	2,430	1,202,940	697,301	813,046	58.0	67.6
158	Teachers, special education	412	208,717	128,137	148,527	61.4	71.2
159	Teachers, n.e.c.	616	314,427	27,295	37,435	8.7	11.9
	TECHNICIANS AND RELATED SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS	6,121	3,182,677	374,813	472,768	11.8	14.9
203	Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians	554	295,890	22,728	33,304	7.7	11.3
204	Dental hygienists	111	54,889	586	1,977	1.1	3.6
205	Health record technologists and technicians	95	53,428	6,764	9,342	12.7	17.5
206	Radiologic technicians	224	116,067	7,693	10,677	6.6	9.2
207	Licensed practical nurses	770	392,279	49,884	62,610	12.7	16.0
208	Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c.	351	185,856	21,441	27,962	11.5	15.0
213	Electrical and electronic technicians	565	297,430	55,279	66,052	18.6	22.2
214	Industrial engineering technicians	10	5,714	1,257	1,994	22.0	34.9
215	Mechanical engineering technicians	29	15,179	1,083	1,788	7.1	11.8
216	Engineering technicians, n.e.c.	417	214,555	27,096	33,041	12.6	15.4
217	Drafting occupations	525	291,494	24,277	32,260	8.3	11.1
218	Surveying and mapping technicians	137	62,393	8,248	8,305	13.2	13.3
223	Biological technicians	111	51,619	6,929	7,653	13.4	14.8
224	Chemical technicians	177	97,785	15,801	18,581	16.2	19.0
225	Science technicians, n.e.c.	139	69,115	8,220	10,356	11.9	15.0
226	Airplane pilots and navigators	142	73,554	32,396	35,258	44.0	47.9
227	Air traffic controllers	75	34,243	5,317	7,728	15.5	22.6
228	Broadcast equipment operators	46	21,112	10,581	11,626	50.1	55.1
229	Computer programmers	976	530,660	33,922	47,184	6.4	8.9
233	Tool programmers, numerical control	8	4,432	0	0	0.0	0.0
234	Legal assistants	278	134,813	8,390	10,070	6.2	7.5
235	Technicians, n.e.c.	381	180,169	26,921	34,998	14.9	19.4
	SALES OCCUPATIONS	19,263	10,186,006	612,985	692,766	6.0	6.8
243	Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations	3,997	2,107,422	127,532	139,578	6.1	6.6
253	Insurance sales occupations	715	384,818	18,878	23,211	4.9	6.0
254	Real estate sales occupations	641	352,806	10,329	15,536	2.9	4.4
255	Securities and financial services sales occupations	380	209,793	1,790	1,790	0.9	0.9
256	Advertising and related sales occupations	276	143,702	10,495	12,742	7.3	8.9
257	Sales occupations, other business services	788	429,381	15,756	18,985	3.7	4.4
258	Sales engineers	49	24,981	1,162	1,162	4.7	4.7
259	Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale	2,392	1,310,181	27,269	40,826	2.1	3.1
263	Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats	439	234,937	529	2,451	0.2	1.0
264	Sales workers, apparel	864	452,010	15,647	17,100	3.5	3.8
265	Sales workers, shoes	193	107,454	4,060	4,060	3.8	3.8
266	Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings	252	133,103	1,413	1,413	1.1	1.1
267	Sales workers, radio, TV, hi-fi, and appliances	292	147,632	3,557	4,576	2.4	3.1
268	Sales workers, hardware and building supplies	380	195,484	3,818	5,378	2.0	2.8
269	Sales workers, parts	307	146,585	6,286	7,503	4.3	5.1
274	Sales workers, other commodities	2,490	1,278,950	51,258	61,187	4.0	4.8
275	Sales counter clerks	242	128,318	3,061	3,981	2.4	3.1
276	Cashiers	4,001	2,097,855	306,229	325,779	14.6	15.5
277	Street and door-to-door sales workers	337	180,716	2,343	2,343	1.3	1.3
278	News vendors	156	81,219	431	1,507	0.5	1.9
283	Demonstrators, promoters and models, sales	44	24,128	1,139	1,139	4.7	4.7
284	Auctioneers	2	1,093	0	0	0.0	0.0
285	Sales support occupations, n.e.c.	26	13,438	0	518	0.0	3.9
	ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS, INC. CLERICAL	32,101	16,713,748	2,255,036	2,762,373	13.5	16.5
303	Supervisors, general office	802	413,269	45,988	60,578	11.1	14.7
304	Supervisors, computer equipment operators	82	46,130	3,925	3,925	8.5	8.5
305	Supervisors, financial records processing	167	95,596	4,778	8,766	5.0	9.2
306	Chief communications operators	5	2,902	1,014	1,014	35.0	35.0
307	Supervisors; distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks	282	154,131	35,283	41,372	22.9	26.8
308	Computer operators	1,405	762,282	81,610	111,270	10.7	14.6
309	Peripheral equipment operators	12	5,904	0	0	0.0	0.0
313	Secretaries	7,675	3,915,602	295,034	401,382	7.5	10.3
314	Stenographers	85	46,451	9,184	11,812	19.8	25.4
315	Typists	1,657	873,372	99,941	129,439	11.4	14.8
316	Interviewers	329	171,502	9,219	10,633	5.4	6.2
317	Hotel clerks	149	64,700	2,973	3,407	4.6	5.3
318	Transportation ticket and reservation agents	214	111,155	30,062	35,132	27.0	31.6
319	Receptionists	1,215	643,622	20,690	30,610	3.2	4.8
323	Information clerks, n.e.c.	381	205,707	18,032	20,212	8.8	9.8
325	Classified-ad clerks	20	11,520	86	86	0.7	0.7
326	Correspondence clerks	27	14,022	126	126	0.9	0.9
327	Order clerks	370	195,527	65,767	75,175	33.6	38.4
328	Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping	111	62,262	7,762	11,317	12.5	18.2
329	Library clerks	293	138,670	14,307	19,854	10.3	14.3
335	File clerks	525	288,570	34,730	41,194	12.0	14.3
336	Records clerks	245	129,652	24,297	29,963	18.7	23.1
337	Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks	3,439	1,742,120	87,618	114,170	5.0	6.6
338	Payroll and timekeeping clerks	338	175,603	31,400	34,668	17.9	19.7
339	Billing clerks	286	153,042	17,368	19,678	11.3	12.9
343	Cost and rate clerks	157	85,047	9,548	9,926	11.2	11.7
344	Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators	92	46,041	3,928	3,928	8.5	8.5
345	Duplicating machine operators	46	27,517	2,921	3,261	10.6	11.8
346	Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators	11	5,961	123	123	2.1	2.1
347	Office machine operators, n.e.c.	61	35,184	1,561	2,762	4.4	7.9
348	Telephone operators	429	217,270	76,483	86,682	35.2	39.9
349	Telegraphers	10	4,946	2,607	2,607	52.7	52.7
353	Communications equipment operators, n.e.c.	3	1,293	505	505	39.1	39.1
354	Postal clerks, exc. mail carriers	504	254,638	198,600	223,689	78.0	87.8
355	Mail carriers, postal service	496	251,625	201,251	219,944	80.0	87.4
356	Mail clerks, exc. postal service	315	164,034	24,193	28,915	14.7	17.6
357	Messengers	218	115,806	7,743	8,979	6.7	7.8
359	Dispatchers	365	184,993	46,121	53,355	24.9	28.8
363	Production coordinators	316	175,771	29,686	35,911	16.9	20.4
364	Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks	924	507,998	120,075	133,883	23.6	26.4
365	Stock and inventory clerks	1,000	550,163	114,091	129,046	20.7	23.5
366	Meter readers	80	42,525	16,405	18,260	38.6	42.9
368	Weighers, measurers, and checkers	150	77,435	19,811	21,205	25.6	27.4
369	Samplers	2	282	0	0	0.0	0.0
373	Expediters	210	111,112	16,296	20,692	14.7	18.6
374	Material recording, scheduling, & distributing clerks, n.e.c.	64	31,391	4,058	4,577	12.9	14.6
375	Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators	419	219,813	11,834	16,809	5.4	7.6
376	Investigators and adjusters, except insurance	649	340,413	29,630	40,239	8.7	11.8
377	Eligibility clerks, social welfare	125	64,242	15,260	20,190	23.8	31.4
378	Bill and account collectors	160	84,932	5,214	8,182	6.1	9.6
379	General office clerks	1,291	667,835	94,964	112,238	14.2	16.8
383	Bank tellers	939	482,849	8,914	13,296	1.8	2.8
384	Proofreaders	63	30,845	1,291	1,291	4.2	4.2
385	Data-entry keyers	651	354,385	28,920	39,268	8.2	11.1
386	Statistical clerks	183	93,828	14,936	18,608	15.9	19.8
387	Teachers aides	751	382,469	104,202	141,336	27.2	37.0
389	Administrative support occupations, n.e.c.	1,303	677,791	102,672	126,882	15.1	18.7
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, PRIVATE HOUSEHOLD	1,895	985,977	634	634	0.1	0.1
403	Launderers and ironers	5	2,618	0	0	0.0	0.0
404	Cooks, private household	33	19,716	0	0	0.0	0.0
405	Housekeepers and butlers	72	38,319	0	0	0.0	0.0
406	Child care workers, private household	765	377,872	0	0	0.0	0.0
407	Private household cleaners and servants	1,020	547,452	634	634	0.1	0.1
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, PROTECTIVE SERVICE	3,140	1,702,156	667,420	730,033	39.2	42.9
413	Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations	42	25,385	17,167	18,470	67.6	72.8
414	Supervisors, police and detectives	133	70,471	30,080	35,239	42.7	50.0
415	Supervisors, guards	63	33,972	3,671	4,074	10.8	12.0
416	Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations	46	25,111	9,339	9,819	37.2	39.1
417	Firefighting occupations	354	190,278	139,411	147,846	73.3	77.7
418	Police and detectives, public service	762	418,187	249,458	269,013	59.7	64.3
423	Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers	145	79,655	23,940	26,609	30.1	33.4
424	Correctional institution officers	262	138,500	72,564	79,993	52.4	57.8
425	Crossing guards	88	43,829	9,752	10,858	22.2	24.8
426	Guards and police, exc. public service	1,120	612,703	106,505	121,949	17.4	19.9
427	Protective service occupations, n.e.c.	125