Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Occupation, 1992 (details in table note)
COC	Occupation Name	Obs	Employment	Members	Covered	%Mem	%Cov
	EXECUTIVE, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND MANAGERIAL OCCUPATIONS	20,543	11,996,799	722,051	982,082	6.0	8.2
4	Chief executives and general administrators, public administration	25	13,937	2,656	2,656	19.1	19.1
5	Administrators and officials, public administration	971	539,760	81,826	115,409	15.2	21.4
6	Administrators, protective services	85	45,449	8,932	10,069	19.7	22.2
7	Financial managers	856	497,608	3,974	10,241	0.8	2.1
8	Personnel and labor relations managers	184	104,112	4,045	5,100	3.9	4.9
9	Purchasing managers	179	105,300	2,814	5,419	2.7	5.1
13	Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations	826	504,227	7,484	11,848	1.5	2.3
14	Administrators, education and related fields	985	543,776	96,667	139,052	17.8	25.6
15	Managers, medicine and health	595	342,135	16,403	24,272	4.8	7.1
17	Managers, food serving and lodging establishments	1,343	779,201	16,406	27,297	2.1	3.5
18	Managers, properties and real estate	489	300,160	11,875	15,037	4.0	5.0
19	Funeral directors	48	32,445	907	3,254	2.8	10.0
21	Managers, service organizations, n.e.c.	782	423,064	45,562	51,335	10.8	12.1
22	Managers and administrators, n.e.c.	7,013	4,163,626	136,156	182,003	3.3	4.4
23	Accountants and auditors	2,063	1,216,304	66,882	99,134	5.5	8.2
24	Underwriters	150	87,868	0	0	0.0	0.0
25	Other financial officers	1,026	600,620	16,116	27,461	2.7	4.6
26	Management analysts	165	98,897	2,167	5,322	2.2	5.4
27	Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists	679	404,502	44,538	54,048	11.0	13.4
28	Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products	14	5,478	469	469	8.6	8.6
29	Buyers, wholesale and retail trade except farm products	289	176,114	1,248	2,885	0.7	1.6
33	Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c.	380	212,576	12,159	16,991	5.7	8.0
34	Business and promotion agents	44	22,044	602	1,116	2.7	5.1
35	Construction inspectors	94	59,581	14,275	17,809	24.0	29.9
36	Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction	420	242,718	79,940	91,333	32.9	37.6
37	Management related occupations, n.e.c.	736	421,533	21,299	33,354	5.1	7.9
	PROFESSIONAL SPECIALTY OCCUPATIONS, EXC. TEACHERS	16,202	9,435,867	1,062,988	1,331,522	11.3	14.1
43	Architects	146	88,682	2,344	2,344	2.6	2.6
44	Aerospace engineers	117	83,731	10,049	14,432	12.0	17.2
45	Metallurgical and materials engineers	37	23,636	2,408	2,408	10.2	10.2
46	Mining engineers	9	4,428	993	993	22.4	22.4
47	Petroleum engineers	34	16,928	0	0	0.0	0.0
48	Chemical engineers	105	64,690	2,031	2,031	3.1	3.1
49	Nuclear engineers	14	6,320	1,017	1,017	16.1	16.1
53	Civil engineers	354	202,696	22,750	29,592	11.2	14.6
54	Agricultural engineers	5	2,197	623	623	28.4	28.4
55	Electrical and electronic engineers	765	482,661	36,039	47,822	7.5	9.9
56	Industrial engineers	337	205,184	14,049	17,454	6.8	8.5
57	Mechanical engineers	480	289,700	12,542	13,516	4.3	4.7
58	Marine and naval architects	23	14,037	5,289	5,559	37.7	39.6
59	Engineers, n.e.c.	383	235,674	9,423	14,309	4.0	6.1
63	Surveyors and mapping scientists	21	11,200	2,988	3,655	26.7	32.6
64	Computer systems analysts and scientists	1,037	654,972	32,219	44,078	4.9	6.7
65	Operations and systems researchers and analysts	312	189,492	18,278	28,335	9.6	15.0
66	Actuaries	30	17,413	632	632	3.6	3.6
67	Statisticians	35	23,024	3,066	5,210	13.3	22.6
68	Mathematical scientists, n.e.c.	6	5,837	504	504	8.6	8.6
69	Physicists and astronomers	39	25,124	1,925	1,925	7.7	7.7
73	Chemists, except biochemists	217	123,532	7,611	8,338	6.2	6.7
74	Atmospheric and space scientists	12	7,266	1,191	2,006	16.4	27.6
75	Geologists and geodesists	92	51,073	2,977	2,977	5.8	5.8
76	Physical scientists, n.e.c.	54	32,941	2,707	3,333	8.2	10.1
77	Agricultural and food scientists	45	21,129	1,941	2,347	9.2	11.1
78	Biological and life scientists	161	87,811	6,540	8,411	7.4	9.6
79	Forestry and conservation scientists	59	21,808	3,944	5,028	18.1	23.1
83	Medical scientists	108	62,175	5,717	7,988	9.2	12.8
84	Physicians	518	315,964	10,715	27,237	3.4	8.6
85	Dentists	32	22,990	0	0	0.0	0.0
86	Veterinarians	38	18,134	0	0	0.0	0.0
87	Optometrists	18	11,111	1,015	1,015	9.1	9.1
88	Podiatrists	1	399	0	0	0.0	0.0
89	Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c.	11	5,249	0	851	0.0	16.2
95	Registered nurses	3,152	1,778,071	283,722	339,478	16.0	19.1
96	Pharmacists	299	168,267	13,384	17,281	8.0	10.3
97	Dietitians	137	80,535	11,753	14,204	14.6	17.6
98	Respiratory therapists	120	72,124	6,073	9,853	8.4	13.7
99	Occupational therapists	71	42,753	4,209	5,566	9.8	13.0
103	Physical therapists	168	93,875	7,699	10,471	8.2	11.2
104	Speech therapists	126	68,469	25,877	32,870	37.8	48.0
105	Therapists, n.e.c.	110	67,251	8,396	9,937	12.5	14.8
106	Physicians' assistants	74	45,263	4,824	5,119	10.7	11.3
163	Counselors, Educational and Vocational	436	241,101	88,351	105,244	36.6	43.7
164	Librarians	346	184,157	59,909	71,150	32.5	38.6
165	Archivists and curators	50	29,021	4,266	4,543	14.7	15.7
166	Economists	171	99,474	4,538	5,233	4.6	5.3
167	Psychologists	238	128,743	28,353	32,552	22.0	25.3
168	Sociologists	3	1,944	0	0	0.0	0.0
169	Social scientists, n.e.c.	42	23,262	1,886	4,127	8.1	17.7
173	Urban planners	24	13,279	361	361	2.7	2.7
174	Social workers	1,026	591,741	149,893	177,727	25.3	30.0
175	Recreation workers	166	94,144	4,639	7,129	4.9	7.6
176	Clergy	577	319,024	4,834	7,252	1.5	2.3
177	Religious workers, n.e.c.	106	63,273	1,053	1,053	1.7	1.7
178	Lawyers and Judges	722	405,604	15,854	19,993	3.9	4.9
183	Authors	72	39,610	4,341	4,341	11.0	11.0
184	Technical writers	89	50,651	2,480	3,709	4.9	7.3
185	Designers	621	373,845	17,490	23,516	4.7	6.3
186	Musicians and composers	140	88,623	15,693	18,449	17.7	20.8
187	Actors and directors	117	67,905	11,363	13,384	16.7	19.7
188	Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist printmakers	169	106,271	6,666	8,676	6.3	8.2
189	Photographers	122	76,870	6,437	8,005	8.4	10.4
193	Dancers	33	19,789	692	1,697	3.5	8.6
194	Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c.	85	52,811	4,217	6,681	8.0	12.7
195	Editors and reporters	433	237,769	24,379	31,801	10.3	13.4
197	Public relations specialists	256	139,664	6,163	11,043	4.4	7.9
198	Announcers	88	48,706	3,505	3,505	7.2	7.2
199	Athletes	98	59,081	3,774	6,728	6.4	11.4
	TEACHERS, POSTSECONDARY	1,370	730,546	146,577	180,665	20.1	24.7
113	Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers	11	4,237	1,590	1,590	37.5	37.5
114	Biological science teachers	46	29,753	2,230	2,489	7.5	8.4
115	Chemistry teachers	42	25,035	2,307	5,312	9.2	21.2
116	Physics teachers	23	9,998	2,842	3,392	28.4	33.9
117	Natural science teachers, n.e.c.	4	2,196	1,215	1,215	55.3	55.3
118	Psychology teachers	37	20,958	6,066	6,066	28.9	28.9
119	Economics teachers	38	19,758	2,847	4,716	14.4	23.9
123	History teachers	34	16,681	5,265	6,525	31.6	39.1
124	Political science teachers	21	9,674	2,137	2,747	22.1	28.4
125	Sociology teachers	19	11,730	1,391	1,783	11.9	15.2
126	Social science teachers, n.e.c.	6	2,103	1,315	1,315	62.6	62.6
127	Engineering teachers	55	24,967	6,311	8,231	25.3	33.0
128	Mathematical science teachers	86	45,831	9,308	12,077	20.3	26.4
129	Computer science teachers	34	17,034	3,693	5,295	21.7	31.1
133	Medical science teachers	16	7,259	1,630	2,742	22.4	37.8
134	Health specialties teachers	81	42,169	10,034	12,454	23.8	29.5
135	Business, commerce, and marketing teachers	42	19,856	4,815	5,305	24.2	26.7
136	Agriculture and forestry teachers	11	6,847	1,347	1,347	19.7	19.7
137	Art, drama, and music teachers	65	32,441	3,716	6,100	11.5	18.8
138	Physical education teachers	17	9,297	2,472	3,063	26.6	33.0
139	Education teachers	15	8,994	3,929	4,479	43.7	49.8
143	English teachers	105	56,902	12,491	15,564	22.0	27.4
144	Foreign language teachers	50	31,003	6,143	6,822	19.8	22.0
145	Law teachers	17	8,306	234	454	2.8	5.5
146	Social work teachers	2	872	278	278	31.9	31.9
147	Theology teachers	22	12,002	3,002	3,002	25.0	25.0
148	Trade and industrial teachers	9	4,912	707	707	14.4	14.4
149	Home economics teachers	2	856	437	437	51.1	51.1
153	Teachers, postsecondary, n.e.c.	12	5,833	0	0	0.0	0.0
154	Postsecondary teachers, subject not specified	448	243,044	46,827	55,158	19.3	22.7
	TEACHERS, EXCEPT POSTSECONDARY	7,269	4,100,941	1,891,516	2,191,144	46.1	53.4
155	Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten	828	472,568	105,218	117,967	22.3	25.0
156	Teachers, elementary school	2,942	1,679,913	906,848	1,045,664	54.0	62.2
157	Teachers, secondary school	2,128	1,161,400	663,128	774,478	57.1	66.7
158	Teachers, special education	492	266,376	156,758	180,856	58.8	67.9
159	Teachers, n.e.c.	879	520,683	59,565	72,178	11.4	13.9
	TECHNICIANS AND RELATED SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS	7,094	4,147,159	511,454	589,323	12.3	14.2
203	Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians	521	299,472	26,275	30,700	8.8	10.3
204	Dental hygienists	134	71,026	2,211	2,211	3.1	3.1
205	Health record technologists and technicians	90	51,937	4,324	4,707	8.3	9.1
206	Radiologic technicians	249	138,371	14,918	17,525	10.8	12.7
207	Licensed practical nurses	772	448,682	68,089	75,032	15.2	16.7
208	Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c.	801	487,032	53,674	57,059	11.0	11.7
213	Electrical and electronic technicians	517	308,752	48,587	58,552	15.7	19.0
214	Industrial engineering technicians	8	4,772	1,078	1,718	22.6	36.0
215	Mechanical engineering technicians	25	13,043	2,562	2,562	19.6	19.6
216	Engineering technicians, n.e.c.	405	242,225	26,445	31,977	10.9	13.2
217	Drafting occupations	417	253,476	19,404	21,883	7.7	8.6
218	Surveying and mapping technicians	113	61,143	4,221	4,649	6.9	7.6
223	Biological technicians	136	66,406	1,390	2,825	2.1	4.3
224	Chemical technicians	141	80,412	8,503	9,434	10.6	11.7
225	Science technicians, n.e.c.	159	95,800	12,010	13,553	12.5	14.1
226	Airplane pilots and navigators	160	93,663	48,206	49,262	51.5	52.6
227	Air traffic controllers	44	25,601	12,695	16,756	49.6	65.5
228	Broadcast equipment operators	49	30,098	7,153	9,732	23.8	32.3
229	Computer programmers	895	539,213	23,174	31,522	4.3	5.8
233	Tool programmers, numerical control	5	2,918	797	797	27.3	27.3
234	Legal assistants	372	213,964	9,210	14,799	4.3	6.9
235	Technicians, n.e.c.	1,081	619,154	116,528	132,069	18.8	21.3
	SALES OCCUPATIONS	19,061	11,262,858	562,160	638,821	5.0	5.7
243	Supervisors and Proprietors, Sales Occupations	4,387	2,585,568	119,407	146,064	4.6	5.6
253	Insurance sales occupations	671	401,285	14,320	21,088	3.6	5.3
254	Real estate sales occupations	635	389,402	9,491	10,359	2.4	2.7
255	Securities and financial services sales occupations	430	255,400	2,679	2,679	1.0	1.0
256	Advertising and related sales occupations	243	145,987	6,232	8,009	4.3	5.5
257	Sales occupations, other business services	661	414,786	27,711	31,570	6.7	7.6
258	Sales engineers	42	26,334	627	627	2.4	2.4
259	Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale	2,227	1,324,946	22,542	29,053	1.7	2.2
263	Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats	399	237,141	1,354	1,354	0.6	0.6
264	Sales workers, apparel	780	460,324	7,023	7,398	1.5	1.6
265	Sales workers, shoes	175	106,617	2,692	3,619	2.5	3.4
266	Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings	230	135,763	1,156	1,156	0.9	0.9
267	Sales workers, radio, TV, hi-fi, and appliances	259	161,336	2,688	2,688	1.7	1.7
268	Sales workers, hardware and building supplies	358	207,739	1,248	2,584	0.6	1.2
269	Sales workers, parts	254	144,659	3,871	3,871	2.7	2.7
274	Sales workers, other commodities	2,216	1,296,337	31,819	38,726	2.5	3.0
275	Sales counter clerks	306	173,364	10,755	10,755	6.2	6.2
276	Cashiers	4,206	2,442,409	283,799	303,675	11.6	12.4
277	Street and door-to-door sales workers	312	186,849	365	365	0.2	0.2
278	News vendors	148	88,939	6,009	6,810	6.8	7.7
283	Demonstrators, promoters and models, sales	95	59,651	5,905	5,905	9.9	9.9
284	Auctioneers	1	171	0	0	0.0	0.0
285	Sales support occupations, n.e.c.	26	17,851	467	467	2.6	2.6
	ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS, INCLUDING CLERICAL	30,901	18,035,479	2,388,461	2,823,747	13.2	15.7
303	Supervisors, general office	797	473,651	51,891	64,831	11.0	13.7
304	Supervisors, computer equipment operators	40	25,825	1,132	2,039	4.4	7.9
305	Supervisors, financial records processing	131	82,212	4,633	5,541	5.6	6.7
306	Chief communications operators	7	4,618	0	0	0.0	0.0
307	Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks	273	169,479	24,104	29,902	14.2	17.6
308	Computer operators	1,057	651,302	60,621	74,543	9.3	11.4
309	Peripheral equipment operators	4	1,360	361	361	26.5	26.5
313	Secretaries	6,219	3,558,707	295,423	374,160	8.3	10.5
314	Stenographers	78	47,669	3,006	3,625	6.3	7.6
315	Typists	871	515,859	72,134	83,780	14.0	16.2
316	Interviewers	280	164,765	19,639	22,952	11.9	13.9
317	Hotel clerks	209	99,723	1,400	1,400	1.4	1.4
318	Transportation ticket and reservation agents	377	223,583	30,935	34,985	13.8	15.6
319	Receptionists	1,496	862,308	32,007	44,747	3.7	5.2
323	Information clerks, n.e.c.	402	240,027	20,732	21,154	8.6	8.8
325	Classified-ad clerks	6	2,434	566	566	23.2	23.2
326	Correspondence clerks	16	8,153	2,559	3,165	31.4	38.8
327	Order clerks	369	226,416	72,112	81,552	31.8	36.0
328	Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping	109	67,109	2,885	7,934	4.3	11.8
329	Library clerks	293	161,189	17,452	21,446	10.8	13.3
335	File clerks	482	288,835	20,540	26,299	7.1	9.1
336	Records clerks	303	170,998	22,956	28,621	13.4	16.7
337	Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks	2,780	1,569,451	75,269	91,787	4.8	5.8
338	Payroll and timekeeping clerks	303	176,405	25,533	28,440	14.5	16.1
339	Billing clerks	311	175,738	9,457	12,364	5.4	7.0
343	Cost and rate clerks	111	69,762	6,539	7,669	9.4	11.0
344	Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators	128	80,238	6,440	6,440	8.0	8.0
345	Duplicating machine operators	64	39,636	4,128	4,738	10.4	12.0
346	Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators	16	11,511	6,051	6,622	52.6	57.5
347	Office machine operators, n.e.c.	47	23,456	2,572	2,838	11.0	12.1
348	Telephone operators	357	214,855	75,794	79,851	35.3	37.2
353	Communications equipment operators, n.e.c.	21	13,122	4,364	4,364	33.3	33.3
354	Postal clerks, except mail carriers	447	244,601	172,006	193,333	70.3	79.0
355	Mail carriers, postal service	567	336,885	272,277	286,827	80.8	85.1
356	Mail clerks, except postal service	309	177,738	21,521	27,284	12.1	15.4
357	Messengers	232	132,315	5,154	8,381	3.9	6.3
359	Dispatchers	360	204,645	54,941	61,760	26.8	30.2
363	Production coordinators	324	204,352	31,315	35,811	15.3	17.5
364	Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks	875	543,684	92,512	100,525	17.0	18.5
365	Stock and inventory clerks	907	547,929	103,924	122,079	19.0	22.3
366	Meter readers	89	51,570	22,507	23,892	43.6	46.3
368	Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers	114	68,268	14,044	16,426	20.6	24.1
373	Expediters	345	205,454	15,743	20,317	7.7	9.9
374	Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks, n.e.c.	39	23,317	4,384	4,384	18.8	18.8
375	Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators	607	373,841	9,177	15,164	2.5	4.1
376	Investigators and adjusters, except insurance	1,137	677,214	40,604	52,210	6.0	7.7
377	Eligibility clerks, social welfare	131	78,422	21,245	25,330	27.1	32.3
378	Bill and account collectors	251	153,424	7,117	9,870	4.6	6.4
379	General office clerks	1,170	672,237	94,032	113,438	14.0	16.9
383	Bank tellers	841	471,977	5,385	6,920	1.1	1.5
384	Proofreaders	32	18,769	685	685	3.6	3.6
385	Data-entry keyers	985	593,200	86,675	104,282	14.6	17.6
386	Statistical clerks	115	62,355	12,018	17,071	19.3	27.4
387	Teachers' aides	862	487,316	143,053	180,783	29.4	37.1
389	Administrative support occupations, n.e.c.	2,205	1,285,567	184,905	218,258	14.4	17.0
	PRIVATE HOUSEHOLD OCCUPATIONS	1,458	851,903	4,011	6,067	0.5	0.7
403	Launderers and ironers	2	959	0	0	0.0	0.0
404	Cooks, private household	22	11,113	643	643	5.8	5.8
405	Housekeepers and butlers	52	28,528	0	0	0.0	0.0
406	Child care workers, private household	595	328,266	0	0	0.0	0.0
407	Private household cleaners and servants	787	483,036	3,368	5,424	0.7	1.1
	PROTECTIVE SERVICE OCCUPATIONS	3,357	2,068,660	800,895	878,073	38.7	42.4
413	Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations	60	36,637	21,437	22,560	58.5	61.6
414	Supervisors, police and detectives	138	78,686	38,346	43,908	48.7	55.8
415	Supervisors, guards	83	51,504	2,991	4,529	5.8	8.8
416	Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations	30	13,420	2,534	3,142	18.9	23.4
417	Firefighting occupations	304	183,848	129,074	136,363	70.2	74.2
418	Police and detectives, public service	740	457,087	278,588	299,517	60.9	65.5
423	Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers	184	109,311	43,198	49,443	39.5	45.2
424	Correctional institution officers	448	298,290	159,406	173,978	53.4	58.3
425	Crossing guards	69	41,478	9,132	9,703	22.0	23.4
426	Guards and police, except public service	1,157	712,250	112,737	128,937	15.8	18.1
427	Protective service occupations, n.e.c.	144	86,149	3,451	5,993	4.0	7.0
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, EXCEPT PROTECTIVE AND HOUSEHOLD	20,895	11,977,774	1,265,611	1,437,492	10.6	12.0