Philosophy 2340
Symbolic Logic

 

Preliminaries

Software

You can upgrade to the latest version of the software from the "downloads" page for the text, which you can get to from http://www-csli.stanford.edu/LPL/Support/. If you're using a Mac, you really should do this.

Places to Get Help

My web site for the course: http://www.trinity.edu/cbrown/logic/. I have notes on some of the chapters, and tips on some of the homework problems.

The official "hints and solutions" page for the text, at http://www-csli.stanford.edu/LPL/Students/solutions.html.

Me. I have office hours and an email address; don't hesitate to make use of them. If you want to email me about a world or a proof file, take a screen shot and attach it to your email so I can see what's going on. (I think you can also attach a world file directly, but not a proof file; Outlook thinks that files with a .prf extension are dangerous, and won't let me access them.)

General Advice on Homework

Always do the "You Try It" exercises, whether I assign them to turn in or not.

When doing an assignment, have the grade report sent only to yourself until you're sure you're ready to submit it for a grade.

When doing an assignment, submit the first problem (or the first part of a problem, if it has more than one) before doing any more. Make sure it's correct before moving on to the next one. If you're making some sort of small mistake, this can prevent you from making the same mistake on dozens of problems!

If the Grade Grinder says you're wrong, make sure you figure out why and correct the problem. Pay careful attention to any hints the GG offers. If after a reasonable effort to figure out what the problem is, you just don't see what's wrong, send me an email or drop by to ask.

Don't wait until midnight on the night before the assignment is due to get started. That will guarantee that you don't have time to get help if you need it! Start the assignment as soon as possible after the class in which we discuss the material. That way you can email or come by if there's a problem.

Chapter 1 Notes

We can construct different first-order languages to talk about different things. Chapter 1 takes a look at first-order languages for talking about our authors' children; about sets; about arithmetic; and, the one we'll use the most, about the "blocks world" of the Tarski's World program.

Constants

Also called "individual constants" or "names"

Each constant must name an object (no "empty" names)

No constant can name more than one object (no ambiguous names)

However, an object can have more than one name

Predicates

Each predicate has a specific "arity" or number of argument places

For every object (or sequence of objects), there's a yes or no answer as to whether a predicate applies to that object (no vague predicates)

Atomic Sentences

An atomic sentence is a predicate of arity n, followed by a left parenthesis, followed by n comma-separated constants, followed by a right parenthesis.

Demo

We'll walk through part of the "You Try It" for this chapter.

Notice: issues about between, adjacent (esp. with large objects)

"sentence," "evaluable," "verify"


Last update: January 18, 2008. 
Curtis Brown  |  Symbolic Logic   |  Philosophy Department  |   Trinity University
cbrown@trinity.edu