Children’s Bereavement Center of South Texas
http://www.cbcst.org/newsletter.htm
What Children Need to Know in a Crisis Situation
- THIS
IS REAL. This is not pretend
or make believe. Lots of people have
died. Lots of people have been
hurt. People who have tried to
help have been hurt and died, too.
- Factual
Information – Some people who do not like the United States got in
some airplanes and made them crash into some buildings. There were people working in the
buildings. Lots of those people in
the buildings died. People who
were on the airplanes died, too.
Some firemen and policemen and other people got hurt and died when
they were trying to help. People
are very sad.
- Many
people will be sad for a long time.
You may see people crying about this.
- This
is not going to go away quickly – this will be on the T.V., radio, and
newspapers for a long time.
- Not
all information reported will be true.
- There
are many questions adults cannot answer.
What to Expect
from the Children
- Many
Questions – including these three they are likely to ask:
- Will
it happen to me?
- Did
I cause it?
- Who
will take care of me if my parents die?
Children are worried about themselves when disasters happen.
- Confusion
– Why did this happen? Why did God let this happen? When will it end?
What can I do if my parents or friends are sad? Am I going to die?
- Fears
– new ones (afraid of dark, separation from family, dying), old ones
revisited. (If they were previously scared of something, this may come up
again.) Fears about previous
traumas will resurface
- Regression
– bedwetting, thumb sucking, whining, not wanting to be alone
- Indifference
– may not show visible signs of being affected. Life goes on as normal.
- Behavior
changes – watch for extreme mood changes
- Withdrawing
- Clinginess
- Acting
out
- Hyperactivity
- Sleep
changes – difficulty falling asleep, not wanting to sleep alone
- Reflect
parent or teacher reactions
- Play -
- Children
express fear, anxiety, sadness, anger and other emotions though
play.
- They
may ‘play’ accidents, plane crashes, people being hurt, people dying
How to Help
- BE
HONEST
- Use
the word ‘dead’ and ‘died’ instead of ‘passed on’ or ‘we’ve lost them’
- Let
them talk and ask questions
- Answer
questions honestly. It is OK to
say, “I don’t know”
- Give
them permission to cry
- For
young children, encourage play or art activities
- Write
a letter to a policeman or fireman or an EMS worker as a thank you for
what they do to help people
- Give
hugs
- Read
books to facilitate conversations (booklist attached)
What Adults Need to Know about Children’s Grief
- Parents
are the best people to help children deal with confusing or stressful
events
- Young children do not understand the
permanency of death. They can say
the word ‘dead’ or ‘died’ but do not understand the meaning behind
it. How to explain:
- Someone
who is dead can’t eat, their heart doesn’t beat, they don’t breathe, they
are not sleeping, they won’t live again.
- Children
around the age of six have a natural developmental concern about death –
what it is, what happens to bodies, where people go when they die, etc.
- These
same questions will arise for all children repeatedly.
- Children
may ask the same questions over and over.
They haven’t forgotten that they have asked but need reassurance
about the answer you have given.
- After
a disaster, any kind of separation from parents may be more traumatic.
- Be
more concerned about a child who is quiet and being good vs. one who is
acting out.
- Expect
emotions to vary widely and to cover a broad spectrum of possibilities.
- Children
handle change and disruption best if they have time to understand
potential impact on their own lives.
- It’s
ok for you to express your feelings in front of your child. This will give them permission to share
their own.
- Your
child may not express feelings about traumatic situations immediately. It is VERY common to see behavioral
changes 6 to 8 weeks after a traumatic event. Your child may not even recognize that their behavior
stems from the traumatic event.
Children’s Bereavement Center of South Texas --- http://www.cbcst.org/newsletter.htm
A Trinity University Professor of Education, Karen Waldron, adds the following advice.
1. Turn off the TV when children are in the
room. We keep seeing the drama of the
jets crashing into the WTC. Until age
6, children view each act as discrete and real. They don't understand that the initial scene is being replayed
and may believe that it's happening again and again. For older children, seeing the bodies and continuing horror only
reinforces their fear and grief.
2. Talk about what's happened. Ask kids what scares them the most right now
and address their specific issues.
3. They need to feel the adult world is in
control even when we feel helpless.
Tell them that "Bad people did this--but it's the first time
anything this big has happened here."
It's good to tell them that our government is the strongest in the world
and will work hard to keep them safe.
Assure them that we will catch the "bad people" who did this
and stop them from doing it again.
Children understand good vs. bad and it reinforces their sense of moral
need that good will prevail.
4. Assure them that their home and school are
safe and that parents and teachers will work to keep them safe. This is especially effective for children
who are worried about their own "buildings" crashing down.
5. Explain that there will be new safety
standards for planes to keep flying safe and to "catch bad
people." Tell them that while
lines will be longer at airports, they won't have to worry about their own
safety.
6.
Keep children in their normal routines with structured bedtimes and
meals. Normalcy restores order to their
lives.
Hope these help during this time of crisis.